China expands export controls on AI, biotech, and solar tech

The Chinese Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Science and Technology have announced a proposed revision to the 'Directory of Prohibited and Restricted Export Technologies,' which would add 40 key technologies in artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and solar energy. The update aims to ensure safety and control while promoting open collaboration. The proposed changes include 14 technologies for prohibition and 26 for restriction, with specific examples such as AI-driven malicious code generation and solar cell production techniques. The move is part of a broader effort to manage export risks and align with international practices. The Ministry emphasized that the measures are not targeted at any specific country and are based on legal frameworks. The revised directory will undergo public consultation, with a focus on balancing security concerns with the need for international cooperation and innovation. The policy also outlines specific scenarios where export restrictions would apply, such as the deployment of AI technologies abroad, and highlights the use of automatic licensing for certain cases. For instance, technologies already in the public domain through open-source or academic publications would not be subject to export controls. The government has also committed to dynamically adjusting the directory based on technological advancements, ensuring it remains relevant and effective in addressing emerging risks.