Former NSA director calls for agency overhaul amid cybersecurity and AI challenges

Former National Security Agency Director Paul Nakasone said a major reorganization of the agency is 'probably necessary' to address faster-moving cyberthreats, artificial intelligence, and competition with China. Speaking at VulnCheck’s ThreatCon1 conference, Nakasone highlighted the need for adaptation as the world has changed dramatically. He noted that the NSA is creating five new organizations focused on AI, China, cybersecurity, combat support, and global intelligence, each led by a 'mission director.' Nakasone emphasized that while institutional changes are crucial, their effectiveness depends on implementation. He pointed out that AI has significantly reduced the time defenders have to detect and respond to cyber intrusions, with dwell time dropping to an average of 29 minutes by 2025, down from hours in 2018. He also mentioned a 'defender’s window' before adversaries fully exploit AI against critical infrastructure. The former director also addressed workforce challenges, noting that the average age of the national security workforce is 47, with half over 50 and 10% under 30. He called for better recognition of government service to attract and retain talent, warning against the perception that government jobs are only for those who cannot find work elsewhere.